Scientfic Sessions:
Improvement of Bio-Resources and their feasible use through biotechnological mediations for financial development in the Arunachal Pradesh specifically. Right sort of advancement, protection and utilization of bioresources requires a solid institutional arrangement and appropriately created human limit. In such manner there is an essential need of incorporating science and society which is conceivable through institutional arrangement and systems administration. In such manner, the proposition of setting up of a Bioresources Development Center at Itanagar in Arunachal Pradesh ought to be energetically convinced with Arunachal Pradesh State Council for Science and Technology as the nodal organization to take lead toward this path.
The term "biomass" means any plant derived organic matter available on a renewable basis, including dedicated energy crops and trees, agricultural food and feed crops, agricultural crop wastes and residues, wood wastes and residues, aquatic plants, animal wastes, municipal wastes, and other waste materials. Handling technologies, collection logistics and infrastructure are important aspects of the biomass resource supply chain.
Biopower technologies are proven electricity generation options in the United States, with 10 gigawatts of installed capacity. All of today's capacity is based on mature directcombustion technology. Future efficiency improvements will include cofiring of biomass in existing coal fired boilers and the introduction of highefficiency gasification combinedcycle systems, fuel cell systems, and modular systems.
A variety of fuels can be made from biomass resources, including the liquid fuels ethanol, methanol, biodiesel, FischerTropsch diesel, and gaseous fuels such as hydrogen and methane. Biofuels research and development is composed of three main areas: producing the fuels, finding applications and uses of the fuels, and creating a distribution infrastructure.
Biobased chemicals and materials are commercial orindustrial products, other than food and feed, derived from biomass feedstocks. Biobased products include green chemicals, renewable plastics, natural fibers, and natural structural materials. Many of these products can replace products and materials traditionally derived from petrochemicals, but new and improved processing technologies will be required.
The economic, social, environmental, and ecological consequences in growing and using biomass are important to understand and consider when addressing technological, market, and policy issues associated with bioenergy systems.
An emerging concept for the UEMOA to be aware of is biorefineries. A biorefinery involves the co-production of a spectrum of bio-based products (food, feed, materials, chemicals) and energy (fuels, power, heat) from biomass
Any bioenergy production will lead to a removal of biomass from the land. This potentially leads to soil degradation, with negative effects on soil productivity, habitats, and off-site pollution. Pyrolysis , coupled with organic matter returned through biochar, addresses this dilemma, as about half of the original carbon can be returned to the soil. Biochar is a fine-grained charcoal high in organic carbon and largely resistant to decomposition. Biochar is produced by heating biomass in the absence (or under reduction) of air, or pyrolysis.
Demand from energy consumers has mostly coalesced around these three factors reliable, affordable, and environmentally. Each goal has responsible for the energy source. These trends will likely through two mutually reinforcing virtuous circles. The deployment of new technologies will help further decrease costs and improve integration.
Biomass is one of the most natural forms of H2-rich compounds consisting mainly of carbohydrates. Both amorphous (lignin) as well as crystalline and semi-crystalline regions (cellulose and hemicellulose) of biomass are rich in hydrogen and, thus, they serve as potential resources for the production of H2 using various chemical and thermochemical processes.
Direct combustion is the simplest and most widely used bioenergy technology for converting biomass to heat which can then be used for space heating or cooling, to heat water, for use in industrial processes, or to produce electricity via a steam engine or turbine.