Nanomaterials are usually considered to be materials with at least one external dimension that measures 100 nanometers or less or with internal structures measuring 100 nm or less. They may be in the form of particles, tubes, rods or fibres.
four main types of intentionally produced nanomaterials:
Nanodevices are nanoparticles that are created for the purpose of interacting with cells and tissues and carrying out very specific tasks. The most famous nanodevices are the imaging tools. Oral pills can be taken that contain miniature cameras.
Nanomedicine is the medical application of nanotechnology. Nanomedicine ranges from the medical applications of nanomaterials and biological devices, to nanoelectronic biosensors, and even possible future applications of molecular nanotechnology such as biological machines.Nanomedicines are safe alternative to injurious formulations. For example, albumin-based paclitaxel nanoparticles, abraxane, are used in different types of cancers.
Nanofabrication involves the manufacture of nanostructures, that is, products with none, one, or two dimension in the nanometer range, and most commonly used as basic units in the manufacture of microelectronic, semiconductors, optics, etc.
The important application of nanotechnology in the environment is the use of nanofilters in water and wastewater treatment. The membrane used in the nanofiltration process usually repels large molecules and, compared to other methods, is able to purify well water or surface water well with less energy.
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