Medical materials interact therapeutically in the body which have bioactive structures that encourage repair, provide tailored mechanical support, regeneration and releasing drugs at a controlled rate. These materials must not contain any toxicity or cytotoxicity for The construction of artificial tissue need material outside of the body using several types of skin cells, ice templated scaffolds, biodegradable and bioactive polymers, ceramics and composites.

The emerging new possibilities bring together to make a novel approaches such as data and informatics, genome sequencing and wearable technology these interconnections between innovations that makes it possible to move in world of truly personalised care. At the heart of regenerative medicine is research using stem cells, cells that can regenerate almost indefinitely some, known as pluripotent stem cells can develop into any of the cell types in the body.

Biodegradability and biocompatibility are the most important features for tissue engineering, sufficient high porous architecture of scaffold and an adequate pore size are necessary to facilitate cells seeding and diffusion throughout the whole structure of both dividing cells and nutrients. The excessive importance in clinical medicine, it is a forthcoming field and typically related with conditions involving organ disease or failure.

The progressive evolution has made them more versatile and has increased their utility.  Biomaterials have revolutionized the areas like bioengineering and tissue engineering for the development of novel approach to combat life threatening diseases. Together with biomaterials, stem cell technology is also mostly used to improve the existing healthcare facilities.

Medicine based on the application of the principles of the natural sciences and especially biology and biochemistry and the medical drugs produced using biotechnology process. Including proteins (antibodies), nucleic acids (DNA, RNA or antisense oligonucleotides) used for therapeutic or in vivo diagnostic purposes, and are produced by means other than direct extraction from a native (non-engineered) biological source.

Technology has centered on bone graft substitute materials and the development of biodegradable scaffolds. Currently tissue engineering strategies have included cell and gene therapy. Tissue engineering of musculoskeletal tissues, especially bone and cartilage is a rapid developing field. The availability of growth factors and the expanding knowledge base concerning the genetics and regulation of bone formation have developed new materials for tissue-engineering applications.

Skin is the largest part of the body and is act as a protecting barrier to the environment and for hydration retention and thermal regulation. The Extreme loss of skin may arise due to injury illness and injury which result in ample physiological imbalance and it leads to major disability or even death. Tissue-engineered skin (TES) alternates signify a logical beneficial option for the treatment of severe and all chronic skin injuries.

Tissue or Engineered device incorporated into human body for replacement of a natural organ. It combines biomaterials and biological cells for fully replacement of patient failure organs. Bioartificial organ are bioartificial kidney devices, combining biomaterials and kidney epithelial cells for improved blood detoxification, bioartificial pancreas devices, combining encapsulation of pancreatic cells for treatment of diabetes, bioartificial lungs for studying lung regeneration.

The remarkable improvement in the field of stem cell research has set the foundation for cell based treatments of disease which cannot be cured by conventional medicines. The capability of self-renewal and segregate into other forms of cells signify stem cells as borderlines of regenerative medicine. Progresses in gene editing and tissue engineering machinery have permitted the ex vivo remodeling of stem cells grown into 3D organoids and tissue structures for personalized uses.

The idea that cancer is primarily driven by a smaller population of stem cells has important implications.  They can divide and renovate themselves for long periods and they are capable of give rise to specialised cells. They can therefore summarize tumour heterogeneity as they can be found in tumours. Research so far has proposed they also have multi drug and radiotherapy resistance. Hence there may be more similarities between cancer stem cells and normal stem cells.

Tissue engineering represents one of the most exciting advances in regenerative medicine. Guide Tissue Regeneration is defined as the procedures of attempting to regenerate lost periodontal structures through differential tissue responses. It lays emphasize on the development of both hard tissue as well as soft tissues of the periodontal supplement. With the help of GTR, 3-dimensional tissues that accurately integrate with a patient's body are been produced.