Date

August 26, 2022 | 10:00 AM GMT

Cancer is a disease that develops when blemished cells divide uncontrollably in any part of the body. Although this may appear effortless, there are likely to be more regulatory interactions. Cancer is a collection of disorders that can occur in any cell of the body and disrupt the body's normal regulatory mechanisms. It has an impact on the functioning of a variety of body systems.

Track 2: Types of Cancer

Cancer is currently classified reckoning on the cell of origin and tissue type. Carcinoma is a type of cancer that originates in the skin or in the tissues that surround or line body organs. Breast, colon, liver, lung, pancreatic, prostate and stomach carcinomas are all possible. Sarcoma is cancer that originates in the body's soft tissues, such as cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, fibrous tissue and other connective or supportive tissue. Leukemia is a type of blood cancer that affects red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Lymphoma is cancer that starts in the immune system's infection-fighting cells called lymphocytes.

Track 3: Organ Specific Cancer

Different malignancies can be found in different places of the human body depending on which organ is affected. Depending on the degree and cell proliferation, the signs, symptoms, prevention, pain, and treatment may differ.

• Breast Cancer: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies diagnosed in women. It is a steroid hormone-dependent tumour that is primarily dependent on both oestrogen and progesterone hormones, and it has the ability to boost both normal and malignant breast cell proliferation.

• Malignant disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) and accessory organs of digestion, such as the oesophagus, stomach, biliary system, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus, are referred to as digestive/gastrointestinal cancer.

• Endocrine cancer is caused by aberrant cell development caused by a change in DNA, which results in the formation of a tumour. The majority of endocrine tumors/adrenal tumours are non-cancerous, although a small percentage will develop into a malignancy.

• Thyroid, adrenal, pancreatic, parathyroid, and pituitary cancers are the most common endocrine cancers.

• Neuroendocrine cancer is a type of cancer in which neuroendocrine cells release hormones into the bloodstream in response to a signal from the neurological system. Neuroendocrine tumours produce higher-than-normal levels of hormones.

Track 4: Medical Oncologists

Medical oncologists diagnose, assess, treat, and manage cancer patients as well as conduct relevant research. They want to deliver the best possible outcome for cancer patients, whether it's a cure or palliation and life extension. They provide counselling to patients and their families.

They are responsible for identifying tumours, discussing treatment options with patients, arranging and supervising drug therapy and therapies, as well as supporting and managing patients' care and post-treatment lives.

Medical oncologists look after patients who have cancer that can be treated surgically but would benefit from additional treatment.

Medical oncologists treat diseases such as colorectal cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, urological malignancies, leukaemia, and melanoma. Chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and biological therapies such antibodies, small molecules, and immunotherapy are all common treatments.

Track 5: Cancer Grades and Cancer Stages

Cancer Grading: Grading refers to how cancer cells appear under a microscope when compared to healthy cells. The following is a common grading system for determining the shape and severity of cancer.

Grade 1: Tumor cells and tissue resemble healthy cells and tissue most closely. These tumours are known as well-differentiated tumours and are of low grade.

Grade 2: The cells and tissue are moderately differentiated, which means they are slightly aberrant. These are tumours of intermediate severity.

Grade 3: Cancer cells and tissue have a very unusual appearance. Because they lack an architectural framework or pattern, these tumours are classified as poorly differentiated.

Undifferentiated tumours of grade 4 have the most abnormal-looking cells. These are the most serious tumours, because they grow and spread more quickly than lower-grade tumours.

Stages of Cancer: It specifies its size and whether it has spread from its original location. Distinct forms of cancer have different staging systems.

Track 6: Cancer Detection and Diagnosis

Cancer Detection and Diagnosis: Cancer detection and diagnosis entails determining the existence of cancer in the body as well as the nature of the disease. Early detection of precancerous lesions on the verge of turning into life-threatening malignancies will allow for early treatments, possibly preventing cancer from occurring at all. If patients were diagnosed with potentially lethal malignancies, they would be spared the physical and financial dangers of premature surgery, as well as the psychological effects of a cancer diagnosis. Additional research will pave the way for the development of more responsive and dependable preventative techniques in the future, such as cost-effective cancer detection, diagnosis, and prevention methods.

An imaging test is a method of determining which areas of a person are impacted. X-rays, sound waves, radioactive particles, and magnetic fields are among the energy sources used in the test. The bodily tissues alter the energy patterns in such a way that an image or picture of the interior location and functioning is created, allowing health care workers to spot alterations caused by diseases such as cancer.

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Track 1: Cancer Biology

Track 2: Types of Cancer

Track 3: Organ Specific Cancer

Track 4: Medical Oncologists

Track 5: Cancer Grades and Cancer Stages

Track 6: Cancer Detection and Diagnosis

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